His solution was in the form of the power loom, which was an automated looming device that could keep up with the supply of thread and yarn that was being produced. To Edmund Cartwright, a carpenter and blacksmith, this represented another problem in need of a solution. The new spinning machines were able to produce thread at a pace that outmatched the weavers. The design was patented in 1769 and, in 1771 it was installed in its first factory located in Cromford, Derbyshire in England near the River Derwent. The resulting water-powered spinning frame became known as the water frame. A number of alternative solutions were tested, before settling on a water wheel, including horses. The problem with the spinning frame was that its size did not lend itself to hand operation. It used three multi-speed rollers to produce the thread or yarn, and spindles to twist the fibers together for strength. The spinning frame was a large instrument that produced a thread that was stronger than the thread created by the spinning jenny. Their initial effort to create a better spinning machine resulted in what was called the spinning-frame. This was the case with the water frame, which was a collaborative effort between a wig maker by the name of Richard Arkwright, a clock-maker by the name of John Kay, and numerous craftsmen. The design was copied and duplicated by many in the industry before Hargreaves obtained a patent in 1770.Īs with any invention, the creation of the spinning jenny sparked others to look for better machines and methods. Much to the distress of spinners in his area, Hargreaves began to sell his spinning jenny. Over time, the number of spindles was increased to as many as 80. He named his invention after his daughter Jenny, who led him to the idea by accidentally knocking over his spinning wheel. In 1764, a weaver by the name of James Hargreaves created a spinning wheel that utilized eight spindles versus the one spindle of the original. They did this using a machine called a spinning wheel that housed a single spindle. The increase in weaving speed made it difficult for spinners to create enough thread or yarn to meet the needs of the weavers. The spinning jenny was invented as a direct result of the flying shuttle. Despite the benefit that was gained by incorporating the flying shuttle into their businesses, the newly formed association for manufacturers refused to pay Kay any type of royalty, and this led to his financial ruin. The much improved speed and efficiency was a bonus for manufacturers and vastly reduced their labor costs. The flying loom put the shuttle on wheels and was operated by cords that were pulled by an operator. This was a process that was slow and that only allowed weaving of cloth that was the width of the individual doing the weaving. It differed from the traditional method, in which one person passed a yarn bearing shuttle from hand to hand. The flying shuttle improved weaving efficiency in terms of speed and the width of cloth that could be woven. It was invented in May of 1733, by a man named John Kay, an engineer, machinist, and son of a wool manufacturer. The flying shuttle was one of the first inventions to change the textile industry, as a result of the industrial revolution. Although there were many inventions that affected the textile industry, some had a greater impact and even opened the door to further inventions. The invention of automated or powered machines for weaving and spinning quickly altered this with many of these jobs going to factories. Prior to the Industrial Revolution many items were produced by hand at home. The majority of changes attributed to the Industrial Revolution took place within manufacturing this is illustrated by the advancements within the textile industry. Although it began in England, it eventually made its way to the United States where it had a significant impact on the course of the country and its growth. These changes greatly affect the economy, the environment, and society in general. The Industrial Revolution was a period in history, spanning the 18 th and 19 th centuries, which forever altered manufacturing and transportation.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |